Psychological functioning in adolescents referred to specialist gender identity clinics across Europe : a clinical comparison study between four clinics.

Auteurs

De Graaf, N. M., Cohen-Kettenis, P. T., Carmichael, P., de Vries, A. L., Dhondt, K., Laridaen, J., Pauli, D., et al. (2018).

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Abstract

Op basis van de Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) (vragenlijst bij ouders) en de Youth Self-Report (YSR) (zelfrapportage) werd de prevalentie van psychologische en relationele problemen onderzocht bij jongeren die professionele hulp hebben ingeschakeld voor problemen met genderidentiteit. Nieuw aan dit onderzoek is een internationale vergelijking tussen jongeren uit België, Nederland, Zwitserland en het Verenigd Koninkrijk. In totaal zijn de gegevens van 959 jongeren geanalyseerd (610 uit VK; 275 uit Nederland; 71 uit België; 32 uit Zwitserland). Bij jongeren uit het VK kwamen de meeste gedragsen emotionele problemen voor; in Nederland de minste. Voor alle betrokken landen gold dat de als meisjes geboren respondenten meer externaliserende problemen rapporteerden (op basis van de oudervragenlijst). Voor de zelfrapportage gold dat jongens meer internaliserende problematiek rapporteerden. De onderzoekers raadden aan deze verschillen beter te onderzoeken in vervolgonderzoek. 

Adolescents seeking professional help with their gender identity development often present with psychological difficulties. Existing literature on psychological functioning of gender diverse young people is limited and mostly bound to national chart reviews. This study examined the prevalence of psychological functioning and peer relationship problems in adolescents across four European specialist gender services (The Netherlands, Belgium, the UK, and Switzerland), using the Child Behavioural Checklist (CBCL) and the Youth Self-Report (YSR). Differences in psychological functioning and peer relationships were found in gender diverse adolescents across Europe. Overall, emotional and behavioural problems and peer relationship problems were most prevalent in adolescents from the UK, followed by Switzerland and Belgium. The least behavioural and emotional problems and peer relationship problems were reported by adolescents from The Netherlands. Across the four clinics, a similar pattern of gender differences was found. Birth-assigned girls showed more behavioural problems and externalising problems in the clinical range, as reported by their parents. According to self-report, internalising problems in the clinical range were more prevalent in adolescent birth- assigned boys. More research is needed to gain a better understanding of the difference in clinical presentations in gender diverse adolescents and to investigate what contextual factors that may contribute to this.

Referentie

De Graaf, N. M., Cohen-Kettenis, P. T., Carmichael, P., de Vries, A. L., Dhondt, K., Laridaen, J., Pauli, D., et al. (2018). Psychological functioning in adolescents referred to specialist gender identity clinics across Europe : a clinical comparison study between four clinics. EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY, 27(7), 909–919.

Taal

Engels

 

Publicatievorm

Tijdschriftartikel

ISBN – DOI

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-017-1098-4

Trefwoord(en)

Gender identity / Gender diverse adolescents / Psychological functioning / behavioural problems / peer relations